Nuclear Engineer

r3VOLt23 04.01.2012
Japan Experts: Unknown if radiation will decrease over time —
May rise again as highly contaminated debris comes from mountains :: Antinuclear town councillor found shot dead in car, Japan :: South Korea: Radioactive store-bought seaweed measures 0.81 microSv/hr — 20 microSv/hr on tissue used to wipe car hood (VIDEOS)

AP: Local Alaska officials concerned Fukushima radiation sickened seals — “There may be some surprises” says prof… But “gut feeling” not connected

Greenpeace files complaint against French nuclear group

’US government does not seek confrontation over the Strait of Hormuz, but…’

Reactor Operator: FOIA response shows US knew in March that Spent Fuel Pool No. 3 leaking — “Flooding of pool may not be possible due to damage” (VIDEO)

They Will Grow Rice Again This Year in Fukushima

Jumping Fences

Local Japan official found with shotgun blast to chest — Lectured against nuclear power after Fukushima

EDF Energy cuts Scottish nuclear output after storm

’Fantasy’ plans of doubling nuclear capacity would cut global carbon emissions by just 4 percent — Need one new plant each week for two decades

Leak, 2nd partial shutdown raise concerns about quake damage at North Anna nuke plant

New Year’s Update: Fukushima Timeline website now live — Feedback requested

Fukushima Whistleblower: Container vessel melting like honeycomb — “Can you believe it is out of the container vessel”? (PHOTOS)

IEEE: Fukushima gives credence to anti-nuclear argument — Clear that nuke power will decrease in coming decades — Will not positively contribute to reducing greenhouse gases

Nuclear numbers down despite connections

Spain selects site for waste storage

Reactor dome installed at Changjiang 1

Japan Times: Boiling antinuclear sentiment may lead to all of nation’s reactors being idled

Iran ‘recommends’ US stay out of Persian Gulf

Reports: Fukushima women losing their hair — Resemblance to chemotherapy? (PHOTOS)

NRC Staff Train Students in Africa

Nuclear watchdog urges French plants to boost safety

FORUM: Discussion Thread for Jan. 3 — Jan. 9, 2012

”It’s Leaning”: Japan nuclear engineer concerned about collapse of Reactor No. 4 — Oxidation must have weakened building material… MORE

2 nuclear safety panel members got 7.1 mil. yen donation from industry BEFORE assuming duties at the watchdog

TEPCO says water level in tank at Fukushima nuclear dropped due to quake

Iran nuclear crisis: France wants ’stricter’ sanctions

New Year despair for Japan’s nuclear refugees

Report from Fukushima (2) Minami Soma: A Woman Speaks Out on Her Health Problems in Post-Accident Fukushima

What happens the day after Iran gets the bomb?

Wrap-up of nuclear news 2011

Strange: Animals went mad and began attacking humans after exposure to high radiation levels, says Chernobyl scientist — Dogs, foxes, wolves, hogs (VIDEO)

Obama govt doing a balancing act with sanctions on Iran

In UK’s slow economy, renewable energy is coming up trumps

Britain’s nuclear veterans continue their fight against Ministry of Defence, for compensation

Despite public opposition, Spain’s aging nuclear plant may stay open

Reality Inside #Fukushima I Nuke Plant (2): 10% of Workers Are Yakuza-Sourced

Fukushima Reactor 4 Leaning
http://nukene.ws/story/%E2%80%9Cit%E2%80%99s-leaning%E2%80%9D-japan-nuclear-e…

Virginia North Anna Plant 2nd Partial Shutdown
http://nukene.ws/story/leak-2nd-partial-shutdown-raise-concerns-about-quake-d…

Spain Waste Site – Villar de Cañas 
http://nukene.ws/story/spain-selects-site-waste-storage/20120103

Changjiang Nuclear Reactor Dome Installed
http://nukene.ws/story/reactor-dome-installed-changjiang-1/20120103

Fukushima, Japan Hair Loss
http://nukene.ws/story/reports-fukushima-women-losing-their-hair-%E2%80%94-re…


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Duration : 0:3:39

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r3VOLt23 19.12.2011
Walt Tamosaitis, nuclear waste whistleblower and Tom Carpenter, attorney and executive director of the non-profit group Hanford Challenge, talks with Rachel Maddow about safety concerns at the site and the penalties he has suffered as a consequence of speaking about his concerns.
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Duration : 0:11:19

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Technorati Tags: america, America~Hanford, challenge, columbia, contaminated, hanford, In, License:, meadow, Most, north, NRC, Nuclear, plutonium, rachel, river, site, state, The, Washington, washington's, waste, whistleblowers

U.S. Atomic Energy Commission
Idaho Operations Office

SL-1 The Accident: Phases I and II
A13886VNB1

Describes this nuclear accident from the point of view of the Atomic Energy Commission.

Considering the time, this film report is exceptionally candid about the vulnerabilities of nuclear reactors. This first civilian reactor accident was especially gruesome in that one of the reactor operators was shot into the ceiling by an expelled reactor vessel plug and control rod. Views of the internal wreckage are fascinating. The cause of this accident has never been determined, although operator error has been alleged.

Documentaries of this quality are rare in the U.S. nuclear community, at least for the general public.

Producer: U.S. Atomic Energy Commission; Creative Commons license: Public Domain

The SL-1, or Stationary Low-Power Reactor Number One, was a United States Army experimental nuclear power reactor which underwent a steam explosion and meltdown in January 1961, killing its three operators. The direct cause was the improper withdrawal of the only movable control rod. The event is the only fatal reactor accident in the United States.

The facility, located at the National Reactor Testing Station approximately forty miles (60 km) west of Idaho Falls, Idaho, was part of the Army Nuclear Power Program and was known as the Argonne Low Power Reactor (ALPR) during its design and build phase. It was intended to provide electrical power and heat for small, remote military facilities, such as radar sites near the Arctic Circle, and those in the DEW Line. The design power was 3 MW (thermal). Operating power was 200 kW electrical and 400 kW thermal for space heating. NASA system failure studies have cited that the core power level reached nearly 20 GW in just four milliseconds, precipitating the reactor accident and steam explosion.

On December 21, 1960, the reactor was shut down for maintenance, calibration of the instruments, installation of auxiliary instruments, and installation of 44 flux wires to monitor the neutron flux levels in the reactor core. The wires were made of aluminum, and contained slugs of aluminum-cobalt alloy.

On January 3, 1961 the reactor was restarted after a shutdown of eleven days. Maintenance procedures commenced, which required the main central control rod to be withdrawn a few inches; at 9:01 p.m. this rod was withdrawn almost to the top of the core, causing SL-1 to go prompt critical. In four milliseconds, the heat generated by the resulting enormous power surge caused water surrounding the core to begin to explosively vaporize. The water vapor caused a pressure wave to strike the top of the reactor vessel. This propelled the control rod and the entire reactor vessel upwards, which killed the operator who had been standing on top of the vessel, leaving him pinned to the ceiling by a control rod. The other two military personnel, a supervisor and a trainee, were also killed. The victims were Army Specialists John A. Byrnes and Richard L. McKinley and Navy Electrician’s Mate Richard C. Legg.

Reactor principles and events
Fission produces neutrons with a wide range of energies. In all light-water-moderated reactors (LWR), to sustain fission of the U-235 the reactor core needs to have water present to moderate (slow down) the neutrons produced by the nuclear reaction. This process is called “thermalizing” and increases the probability of the neutrons causing fission. When reactivity is inserted in the reactor core, more neutrons are available and power rises. Several factors limit the increase in power.

The first limiting factor is that, given a proper initial spectrum of neutron energies, water has a negative reactivity coefficient. Having a negative reactivity coefficient means that, as the water heats up, the molecules are farther apart (water expands and eventually changes phase) and neutrons are less likely to hit hydrogen atoms, so fewer neutrons are thermalized by collisions with the hydrogen in the water and the probability of fission decreases. This removes reactivity from the core. The lower the temperature, the closer the molecules, the greater the number of neutrons thermalized and the greater the core reactivity. It is also possible to design a reactor core that has an entirely different neutron energy spectrum such that it has conditions for which water has a positive reactivity coefficient. A graphite-moderated, water-cooled reactor like the RBMK reactors at Chernobyl may have a positive reactivity coefficient for coolant (water) temperature.

Duration : 0:40:23

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The highly radioactive nuclear waste at the Hanford Nuclear Reservation on the Columbia River in southcentral Washington state could be cleaned up at least 35 years faster than originally estimated, due to an agreement reached between two federal agencies and the state of Washington. The waste is the legacy of 45 years of nuclear weapons production. It amounts to about 60 percent of all the high-level nuclear waste in the United States. Drawing on the ideas that emerged from a year-long partnership with its contractors and state and federal regulators, DOE developed a plan for cleanup that dramatically reduces risks to people and the environment. Creative Commons license: Public Domain.

Duration : 0:15:26

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Technorati Tags: cleanup, contaminated, contamination, DOE, environment, environmental, ground, Nuclear, radioactive, radioactivity, us, waste, water